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“交房即交证”应成为商品房交易标准模式******

　　“交房即交证”是民生实事也是民心所望。相关部门有必要在总结地方经验的基础上，针对“交房即交证”找准政策和法律依据，拿出国家层面的制度设计，作出统一的部署和要求，明确相关的职责分工、流程和保障性措施，让“交房即交证”成为不动产登记“规定动作”，成为商品房交易标准模式。

　　-李英锋

　　从1月1日起，河南省所有城镇规划范围内新取得国有建设用地使用权的预售商品房项目全面实施“交房即交证”，以切实解决群众关切的不动产权证“办证难”问题，优化营商环境，提升群众的获得感和满意度。(据1月1日《河南日报》)

　　一张不动产登记证，关联着千家万户的切身利益，关联着房地产企业的服务质量，关联着多个政府部门的协同监管效能。河南省针对全省城镇规划范围内新取得国有建设用地使用权的预售商品房项目全面实施“交房即交证”，是对“放管服”改革的深入落实和优化政务服务环境的生动实践，既给大众带来了看得见摸得着的便利和实惠，也能促进房地产市场的规范健康发展。

　　普通商品交易通常奉行“一手交钱，一手交货”的原则，买受人支付了约定价款，出卖人把交易标的物转移给买受人，买受人即拥有了交易标的物的所有权。而房地产、车辆等特殊商品须执行登记转移的法定规则，买受人取得相关部门的产权登记证后才能获得特殊商品的所有权，如果买受人未取得产权登记证，哪怕是已经支付了足额价款并占有了特殊商品，也依然没有获得特殊商品的所有权。买受人在这样的状态下可以占有、使用特殊商品，甚至可以获得一些收益(比如出租房屋等)，但买受人或其利益关联人在落户、子女上学、二次交易、贷款抵押、继承等环节也可能受到诸多困扰，遭遇种种障碍。

　　揆诸现实，交房交证不同步的现象在不少地方存在，不少购房者面临着或曾遭遇过“办证慢，办证难”的困境，短则两三年、长则十余年的办证时间消磨掉了购房者的耐心，也让购房者的权益打了折扣。

　　显然，交房交证不同步已成为购房的堵点、痛点，也成了规范优化新建商品房交易模式和不动产登记改革的关键点。河南省在试点工作的基础上，由多部门出台“交房即交证”实施意见，提出了“商品房购房合同中增加相关条款约束”的工作措施，对房地产开发企业进行约束，为“交房即交证”提供了依据，并明确了各阶段、各相关部门的工作职责，畅通了信息共享渠道，对不动产登记的系统、流程进行了再造，对不动产登记服务进行了优化，为“交房即交证”的全面落地捋顺了关系、创造了条件、提供了机制保障。

　　“交房即交证”模式本质上是以大众需求为导向，对不动产登记责任的再梳理、再认领、再定位、再强化。规划、住建等部门搭建起一个分工明确、协同发力的登记服务机制，在机制内部，让信息多跑路、让责任多跑路，机制提升了效率、压缩了时限、承担了更大的压力、付出了更多努力，消化了更多问题，大众办证自然就更快、更容易，也就自然少跑路、少等待。

　　“交房即交证”模式能够实现监管前移，倒逼房地产企业依法开发、诚信经营，也给购房者吃下了定心丸，有助于提升购房者的信心。在当前“保交楼”的大背景下，“交房即交证”模式对房地产市场的平稳健康发展乃至回暖具有促进意义。

　　利民之事，丝发必兴；厉民之事，毫末必去。“交房即交证”是民生实事也是民心所望。近年来，已有多地陆续推行“交房即交证”模式，取得了非常好的效果，积累了不少有益经验，赢得了社会的广泛好评。在全国范围内普遍铺开“交房即交证”模式的时机已经成熟，相关部门有必要在总结地方经验的基础上，针对“交房即交证”找准政策和法律依据，拿出国家层面的制度设计，作出统一的部署和要求，明确相关的职责分工、流程和保障性措施，让“交房即交证”成为不动产登记“规定动作”，成为新建商品房交易标准模式。

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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.